Different Types Of Ships Found In The World ,1838

Different Types Of Ships Found In The World ,1838

 SHIPS

Evidence of seafaring between the Greek mainland and the island of Melos to trade obsidian c.7250 BC was published in 1971. Oars found in bogs at Magle Mose, Sjaelland, Denmark, and Star Carr, North Yorkshire, England, have been dated to the 8th millennium Bc.

 The oldest surviving boat is the 142-ft-long 40-ton Nile boat buried near the Great Pyramid of Khufu, Egypt, c. 2515 BC, and now reassembled.

 The oldest shipwreck ever found is one of a Cycladic trading vessel located off the islet of Dhokos, near the Greek island of Hydra reported in May 1975 and dated to 2450 BC 250.

Earliest Power Vessels

Propulsion by steam engine was first achieved when in 1783 the Marquiz Jouffroy d'Abbans ascended a reach of the Saône River near Lyons,France in the 180-ton paddle steamer Pyroscaphe. 

The tug Charlotte Dundas was the first successful power-driven vessel. She was a paddlewheel steamer built in Scotland in 1801-02 by William Symington (1763-1831), using a double-acting condensing engine constructed by James Watt (1736-1819).

 The earliest regular steam run was by the Clermont, built by Robert Fulton (1765-1815), a US engineer, which maintained a service from NYC to Albany (150 miles in 32 hours) from Aug 17, 1807.

Oldest Vessels Afloat

The oldest active steam ship is the Skibladner, which has plied Lake Mjosa, Norway, since 1856. Originally built in Motala, Sweden, she has had two major refittings.

The oldest mechanically propelled boat of certain date in the 48-ton Brestal steam-driven dredger or drag-boat Bertha of 50 ft, designed by K Brunel in 1844 and afloat at the Exeter Maritime Museum, Devon,England.

 G.H. Pattinson's 40-ft steam launch Dolly, raised after 67 years from Ullswater, England in 1962, and now on Lake Windermere, also probably  dates from the 1840's.

Earlier Turbine

The first turbine ship was the Turbinia, built in 1894, at Wallsend-on Tyne, England, to the design of Charles Algernon Parsons (1854-1931). The Turbinia was  100 ft long and of 44 1/2 tons displacement with machinery consisting of three steam turbines totaling about 2,000 shaft hp. At her first public demonstration in 1897 she reached a speed of knots (39.7 mph).

Earliest Atlantic Crossings

The earliest crossing of the Atlantic by a power vessel, as opposed an auxiliary-engine sailing ship. was a 22-day voyage, begun in Apr 1827, from Rotterdam, Netherlands to the West Indies by the Curacao. She was a 127-ft wooden paddle boat of 438 tons, built as the Calpe in Dover, England in 1826, and purchased by the Dutch Government for the West Indian mail service. The earliest Atlantic crossing entirely under steam (with intervals for desalting the boilers) was by HMS Radamanthus from Plymouth England to Barbados in 1832. The earliest crossing of the Atlantic under continuous steam power was by the condenser-fitted packet ship sirius(703 tons) from Queenstown (now Cobh), Ireland to Sandy Hook NJ in 18 days 10 hours Apr 4-22, 1838.

Wooden Ships

The heaviest wooden ship ever built was the Richelieu, 333 ns in long of 8,534 tons launched in Toulon, France on Dec 3, 1873.

The longest modern wooden ship ever built was the NY built Rochambeau (1867-72) formerly the Dunderberg, which measured 377 ft 4 in overall. It should be noted that the biblical length of Noah's Ark was 300 cubits or, at 18 in to a cubit. 450 ft.

Longest Dug-out Canoe

The longest cance is the 117-ft-long, 20-ton Kauri wood Malar canoe Nga Toki Matawhaorua, built with adzes at Kerikeri Inlet, New Zealand in 1940 to hold a crew of 70 or more.

Largest Sailing Ships

The largest sailing vessel ever built was the France 11 (5,80 gross tons), launched at Bordeaux in 1911. The France II was a steel-hulled, 5-masted barque (square-rigged on 4 masts and fore and aft rigged on the aftermost mast). Her hull measured 418 ft overall. Although principally designed as a sailing vessel with a stump topgallant rig she was also lit led with two steam engines, She was wrecked in 1922.

The only 7-masted sailing vessel ever built was the 375.6-ft-long Thomas W.Lawson (5,218 gross tons), built at Quincy, Mass in 1902. She was in the English Channel on Dec 15, 1907 .

Large Junks

The largest junk on record was the seagoing Cheng Ho of c. 1420, flagship of Admiral Cheng Ho's 62 treasure ships, with a displacement of 3,100 tons and a length variously estimated up to 538 ft and believed to have had 9 masts.

A river junk 361 ft long with treadmill-operated paddlewheels, was recorded in 1161 AD. In c.280 AD a floating fortress 600 ft square, built by Wang Chun on the Yangtze, took part in the Chin-Wu river war, Present day junks do not even in the case of the Chiangsu traders, exceed 170 t in length.

Longest Day's Run Under Sail

The longest day's run claimed by any sailing ship was one of 465  nautical miles (535.45 statute miles) in 23 hours 17 min by the Champion of the Sea (2,722 registered tons ) of the Liverpool Black Ball Line, running wore a northwesterly gale in the south Indian Ocean under Capt, Alex Newlands . The elapsed time between the fixes was 23 hours 17 min, giv- ing an average of 1997 knots.

Largest Sails

The largest star ever carried were those in the British Royal Navy battleship Temeraire, completed at Chatham, Kent, on Aug 31, 1877. The fore and main yards measured 115 ft in length. The mainsail contained 3.100 sq ft of canvas, weighing 2 tons, and the total sail area was 25,000 sq ft.

Fastest Atlantic Crossing

The fastest Atlantic crossing was made by the United States (then 51,988 later 38,216, gross tons), former flagship of the United States Lines On her maiden voyage between July 3 and 7,1952, from NYC to Le Havre. France and Southampton, England she averaged 35.59 knots, or 40.98 mph, for 3 days 10 hours 40 min (6:36 pm GMT July 3 to 5:16 Am July 7) on a route of 2,949 nautical miles from the Ambrose Light Vesel, NJ to the Bishop Rock Light, Isles of Scilly, Cornwall, England. During this run, July 67,1952. She steamed the greatest distance ever covered by any ship in a day's run (24 hours)-868 nautical miles. The maximum speed attained from Ner shaft hp engine was 38..32 knots (44.12 mph) in trials june 9-10, 1952.