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Most and Least Nutritive Fruits In World

Most and Least Nutritive Fruits In World Source: Pixabay Most and Least Nutritive Fruits An analysis of the 38 commonly eaten raw (as opposed to dried) fruits shows that the one with the highest calorific value is the avocado (Persea americana) with 741 calories per edible lb. That with the lowest value is cucumber with 73 calories per lb. Avocados probably originated in Central and South America and also contain vitamins A, C. and E and 2.2% protein. Biggest Apple An apple weighing 3 lb 1 oz was reported by V. Loveridge of Ross-on Wye, England in 1965. Largest Artichoke An 8-lb artichoke was grown in 1964 at Tollerton, N Yorkshire England, by A. R. Lawson Largest Broccoli A head of broccoli weighing 28 lb 14 3/4  oz was grown in 1964 by J. T. Cooke of Huntington, W. Sussex, England. Largest Cabbage In 1865 William Collingwood of The Stalwell, County Durham, England, grew a red cabbage with a circumference of 259 in. It reputedly weighed 123 lb. Largest Carrot A carrot weighing 11 lb w
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History Of Aircraft And Manufactures Flights on Dec 17, 1903

History Of Aircraft And Manufactures  Flights  on Dec 17, 1903



AIRCRAFT



Earliest Flights


The first controlled and sustained power-driven flight occurred Kill Devil Hill, Kitty Hawk, NC at 10:35 am on Dec 17, 1903, when Orville Wright (1871-1948) flew the 12-hp chain-driven Flyer I at an speed of 30 mph, a ground speed of 6.8 mph and an altitude of 8-12 ft for 12 sec, watched by his brother Wilbur (1867-1912), 3 life-savers and 2 others. Both brothers, from Dayton, Ohio, were bachelors because, Orville put it, they had not the means to "support a wife as well as an airplane." The Flyer is now in the National Air and Space Museum or the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.


The first hop by a man-carrying airplane entirely under its own power was made when Clement Ader (1841-1925) of France flew in his Eole for about 164 ft at Armainvilliers, France, on Oct 9, 1890.


Richard William Pearce (1877-1953) flew for at least 50 yd along the Main Waitohi Road, South Canterbury, New Zealand, in a self-built petrol-engined monoplane, probably on March 31, 1903.


The earliest "rational design" for a flying machine (according to the British Royal Aeronautical Society) was published by Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772) in Sweden in 1717.





Cross-Channel Flight

The earliest flight across the English Channel by an airplane was made on Sunday, July 25, 1909, when Louis Bleriot (1872-1936), of France, flew his Blériot XI monoplane, powered by a 23-hp Anzani engine, from Les Baraques, France to a meadow near Dover Castle, England in 36 1/2 min after taking off at 4:41 am.






Transatlantic Flights

The first crossing of the North Atlantic by air was made by Lt-Cdr (later Rear Admiral) Albert C. Read (1887-1967) and his crew (Stone Hinton, Rodd, Rhoads and Breese) in an 84-knot Curtiss flying boat NC-4 of the US Navy from Trepassey Harbour, Newfoundland Canada via the Azores, to Lisbon, Portugal, May 16 to 27, 1919. The whole flight of 4,717 miles originating from Rockaway Air Station, Long Island on May 8, required 53 hours 58 min terminating at Plymouth, England on May 31. The Newfoundland-Azores leg (1,200 miles) took 15 hours min at 81.7 knots.


The first non-stop transatlantic flight was achieved from 4:13 p.m. GMT on June 14, 1919 from Lester's Field, St John's, Newfoundland. 1,960 miles to Derrygimla bog near Clifden. County Galway, Ireland, at 8:40 am GMT June 15, when the pilot Capt John William Alcock.(1892-1919), and Lt Arthur Whitten Brown (1886-1948) flew across in a Vickers Vimy, powered by two 360 hp Rolls-Royce Eagle VIl engines. Both men were given knighthoods on June 21, 1919 when Alcock was 26 years 227 days old, and won a 10,000 (then $50.000) prize given by London newspaper . 



The 79th man to complete a transatlantic up but the first to fly alone was Capt (later Col) Charles A. Lindbergh (1902-74), who took off in his 220-hp Ryan monoplane Spirit of St Louis at 12.52 pm GMT on May 20, 1927 from Roosevelt Field, Long Island, NY He landed at 10:21 pm. GMT on May 21, 1927 at Le Bourget airfield, Par, France His flight of 3,610 miles lasted 33 hours 295 min and he won a prize of $25,000.


The record for the most transatlantic flights is held by Capt John M.Winston, a senior British Airways Flight Engineer, who flew 1,277 transatlantic flights from May 10, 1947 to Dec 14. 1978 a total of 20,100 hours.


The transatlantic flight speed record is 1 hour 34 min 56.4 sec by Maj James V. Sullivan, 37, and Maj Noel F. Widdifield, 33, flying a Lockheed SR-71A castwards on Sept 1, 1974. The average speed, slowed by refueling by a KC-135 tanker aircraft ,for the NY London stage of 3,461.53 miles was 1,806.963 mph. The solo record (Gander to Gatwick) is 8 hours 47 min 32 sec by Capt John Smithin a Rockwell 685 on March 17, 1978.




Transpacific Flight

The first non-stop Pacific flight was by Maj Clyde Pangborn and Hugh Herdon in the Bellanca cabin plane Miss Veedol from Sabishiro Beach Japan, 4,558 miles to Wenatchee Wash in 4 hours 13 min on Oct 3-5, 1931. (For earliest crossing see 1924 night below).





Circumnavigational Flights

A strict circumnavigation of the earth requires passing through two antipodal points and is thus a minimum distance of 24,859.75 miles (The of Cancer or FAI permits fights which exceed the length of the Tropic Capricorn, namely 22,859.75 miles.) 


The earliest such flight (26,345 miles) was made by two US Army Douglas DWC amphibians in 57 "hops." The Chicago was piloted by Lowell H. Smith and Lt Leslie P. Armold and the New Orleans was piloted by L Erik H. Nelson and John Harding. The planes took off from Seattle, Wash on Apr 6, 1924 and landed back there on Sept 28,1924.


The earliest solo claim was by Wiley Hardeman Post (1898-1935) (US) in the Lockheed Vega Winnie Mae, starting and finishing a Floyd Bennett Field, NYC July 15-22,1933, in 10 "hops." His distance of 15,596 miles with a flying time of 115 hours 36 min was, however, at a high latitude to qualify .


The fastest flight has been a non-stop cast about flight of 45 hours 19 min by USAF B-52's led by Maj-Gen Archie J. Old, Jr They covered 24,325 miles on Jan 16-18,1957, finishing at March Air Force Base Riverside, Calif having averaged 525 mph with 4 in-flight refueling by KC 97 aerial tankers.


The smallest aircraft to complete a circumnavigation is a 20-ft-11 in single-engined 180 hp Thorp T-18, built in his garage by its pilot Donald P. Taylor of Sage, Calif. His 26,190-mile Aight in 37 stages took 176 flying hours, ending in Oshkosh, Wis on Sept 30, 1976.





Circum-Polar Flight

The first circum-polar flight was a town solo by Capt Elgen M. Long 44, in a Piper Navajo, Nov 5 to Dec 3, 1971 .He covered 38,896 miles in 215 flying hours. The cabin temperature sank to -40°F over Antarctica.




Jet-Engine Flight

Proposals for jet propulsion date back to Capt Marconnet (1909) of France and Henri Coanda (1886-1972) of Romania, and to the turbojet proposals of Maxime Guillaume in 1921 .The earliest testbed run was that of the British Power Jets Ltd experimental WU (Whittle Unit) on Apr 12, 1937, invented by Flying Officer (now Air Commodore Sir) Frank Whittle (b Coventry, June 1, 1907), who had applied for a patent on jet propulsion in 1930.


The first flight by an airplane powered by a turbojet engine was made by the Heinkel He 178, piloted by Flug Kapitan Erich Warsitz, al Marienehe, Germany Aug 27, 1939. It was powered by a Heinkel He S3b engine (834-lb st as installed with long tailpipe) designed by Dr Hans von Ohain and first tested in Aug 1937.



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